Esterification Bio-oil using Acid Catalyst and Ethanol

Prospectives for bio - oil upgrading via esterification over zeolite catalysts

Upgrading of Bio-oil Molecular Distillation Fraction with Solid Acid Catalyst

Molecular distillation technology has been adopted to obtain a bio-oil fraction rich in carboxylic acids and ketones. This unique bio-oil fraction was then upgraded with a La-promoted solid acid catalyst. Three washing pretreatments were used to prepare catalysts A, B, and C, with the intention of reducing the amounts of residual sulfuric acid. Model reactions were used to estimate their cataly...

Catalyst-assisted Conversion of Pyrolysis Bio-oil into Fuels

The aldol condensation of model compounds furfural and acetone on the selected base catalysts have been performed. The activity of MgO was compared with industrially produced hydrotalcite and the series laboratory prepared hydrotalcites. Si×MAl2O4 hydrotalcites (M = Mg, Zn, Ni, Co, Cu, and Fe) were prepared by the solgel method at low calcination temperature of 300°C. The properties of the cata...

Biodiesel Production of Capparis Spinosa Oil via Trans-Esterification Reaction by Using NaOH Catalyst and Its Pilot Synthesis Design

Energy obtained from renewable sources has increased its participation in the energy matrix worldwide, and it is expected to maintain this tendency. Both in large and small scales, there have been numerous developments and research with the aim of generating fuels and energy using different raw materials such as alternative crops, algae and waste cooking oil. Capparis spinosa seed (containing 3...

Kinetics of Esterification of Ethylene Glycol with Acetic Acid Using Cation Exchange Resin Catalyst

The esterification of ethylene glycol with acetic acid was investigated in a batch reactor in presence of a strongly acidic cation exchange resin, seralite SRC-120, as catalyst in the temperature range of 333 to 363 K. The detailed kinetic study was performed to understand the effect of various process variables such as catalyst loading, ethylene glycol to acetic acid mole ratio, and temperatur...